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中国电子产业转型将利好东南亚

China's Electronics Industrial Transformation to Benefit Southeast Asia

放大字体  缩小字体   来源:FT中文网  浏览次数:1904
核心提示:自中国在2001年加入世贸组织(WTO)后,这个亚洲最大经济体的电子产品与零部件制造商出现了火箭式增长。
自中国在2001年加入世贸组织(WTO)后,这个亚洲最大经济体的电子产品与零部件制造商出现了火箭式增长。

2003年,中国成为全球最大的电子产品出口国。从2001年到2003年,其全球市场份额从6%蹿升至28%。长期以来,中国的东南亚邻国一直担心,随着高端企业将厂房迁至中国,中国电子产业的繁荣意味着本国电子产业将不可避免地受到侵蚀。

不过,根据经济学家罗纳德•曼(Ronald Man)说法,中期前景比他们想象得要乐观一些。

首先,中国增加的市场份额主要是从美国、日本和欧洲企业手中夺过来的。亚洲其他国家的市场份额增长率仅次于中国——具体情况可以参看附图。


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而展望未来,中国正试图转型生产高端电子产品——这方面联想(Lenovo)、中兴(ZTE)和华为(Huawei)走在了前面。然而即便如此,许多讨论中的转型也需要好几年时间。

不过,中国向高利润率产品的转型也会带来额外好处。对于那些经济结构和中国类似的国家——至少劳动力状况与中国类似的国家——来说,它们将能填补中国转型留下的空白。

比如,对于工厂的选址来说,印尼和越南将被证明更为经济。此外,汇丰银行还声称,考虑到泰国较低的人均GDP,该国也可能成为另一个中国产业转型的受益者。(中国进出口网

Since China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, the electronic products and parts manufacturers in Asia's largest economy have grown rapidly.

In 2003, China became the world's largest exporter of electronic products. From 2001 to 2003, China’s global market share jumped from 6% to 28%. For a long time, China's neighbors in Southeast Asian have been worried that with the high-end enterprise plant moving to China, China's electronics industry boom means domestic electronics industry will inevitably be eroded.

However, according to economist Ronald Man, medium-term prospects is more optimistic than that they imagined.

First, China's increasing market share is mainly from the United States, Japan and European companies. Market share growth rate of other Asian countries are following China - the case can be found in the attached drawings.


Looking ahead, China is trying transition the production of high-end electronic products - in this respect Lenovo, ZTE and Huawei are trying. Even though it must take several years to transit.





However, the transition to higher-margin products in China will bring additional benefits. For those countries with similar economic structures to China - at least with the similar labor force status to China - they will be able to fill the gap left by China's transformation.

For example, for a site for the plant, it will prove Indonesia and Vietnam more economical. In addition, HSBC also claimed that, Thailand’s AGDP is lower and Thailand could become another beneficiary in Chinese industrial transformation.
 

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